Within the Web Map Builder, different widgets can be configured.
This video shows the Filter widget being configured for a couple of simple Filter “Tasks.”
Think of this widget like a “definition query” expression. The result only shows the data that meet the criteria of the query.
The Filter “tasks” appear in the Filter widget as a drop down list that a user can choose from. Depending on how the developer configured the filter expressions and how the developer set the filters to be applied “all” at one time or for “any” filter to be executed independently will determine what the end-user experience is.
Although not shown in this video, a “Set” of expressions can be set up which will be executed in a single Filter “task.” The filter set can be set where “all” conditions must be true or “any” of the expressions are true.
Reference: Filter Widget